????? TuNuclear????? ??????? ?? ???? ????.????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????????: ? (????)? β (????) ? γ (????).????? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? (???????? ??????????).??? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ???????.?????? ???? ????? ?? ??????????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ?????????? (????????? ?????? ???????).????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ????.????? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ????? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ????.??????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??????.???? ?????? ???? ???? ????.?????? ???? ??? ????????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ?????.
????? ????????????? ???? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ????.????????? ???? 60? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? (????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ???????).?
???????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ???.??? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ????????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????.?
????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???????? ?? medcine ???????? sheilding ???????? ??? ????? ??????? ????????? beamstop? PET ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ?????????? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? etc.Tungsten ????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?? ??????? (????? ?? ??????? ???????).
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????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ???????.??? ??????? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ????????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ????? ????? ?????.???? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????? ???.??????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??? ????????? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ??????????????? ???????.???? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????????? ??? ??? ??? ?? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ?????.???? ????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ????????. ?
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